ISSN :2582-9793

A Comprehensive Review of Interoperability Challenges and Applications Beyond Cryptocurrencies

Review Article (Published On: 21-Mar-2025 )
DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.54364/AAIML.2025.51193

Abdulrahman A. Alzahrani, Amin Y. Noaman and Ahmed A A. Gad-Elrab

Adv. Artif. Intell. Mach. Learn., 5 (1):3373-3388

Abdulrahman A. Alzahrani : Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia. Department of Computer Science, Al-Khurma University College, Taif University, Al-Khurma City, Saudi Arabia.

Amin Y. Noaman : Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia.

Ahmed A A. Gad-Elrab : Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia.

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DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.54364/AAIML.2025.51193

Article History: Received on: 04-Jan-25, Accepted on: 24-Feb-25, Published on: 21-Mar-25

Corresponding Author: Abdulrahman A. Alzahrani

Email: AMOHAMMEDALZAHRANI0010@STU.KAU.EDU.SA

Citation: Abdulrahman A. Alzahrani, Amin Y. Noaman , Ahmed A A. Gad-Elrab , Fathy E. Eassa, Maher Khemakhem , Faisal Albalwy, Hosam Aljihani. (2025). A Comprehensive Review of Interoperability Challenges and Applications Beyond Cryptocurrencies. Adv. Artif. Intell. Mach. Learn., 5 (1 ):3373-3388.


Abstract

    

The present study aimed to establish and evaluate the interoperability mechanisms such as sidechains, hashed time-lock contracts (HTLCs), blockchain bridges, smart contracts, and relay chains related to cross-chain communication across various industries. Utilizing PRISMA guidelines, the review identifies key challenges, including the absence of standardized protocols, security vulnerabilities, and governance complexities in heterogeneous systems. Cryptographic techniques like Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKP), Hybrid Connectors, and Threshold Signatures demonstrate significant potential for enhancing privacy and secure data exchange. The finding highlights the transformative potential of blockchain interoperability beyond cryptocurrencies, particularly in sectors like healthcare, education, and supply chain management. The study underscores the importance of developing standardized frameworks and innovative solutions to foster seamless integrations across blockchain ecosystems, unlocking blockchain’s full potential in diverse applications.

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